Activation of calcium signaling through Trpv1 by nnos and peroxynitrite as a key trigger of skeletal muscle hypertrophy
|
|
- Brice Logan
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Activation of calcium signaling through Trpv y nnos and peroxynitrite as a key trigger of skeletal muscle hypertrophy Naoki Ito, Urs T. Ruegg, Akira Kudo, Yuko Miyagoe-Suzuki, and Shin ichi Takeda Supplementary Information a Sham c Sham Nos +/+ Nos / d 6 2 Capsaicin e Hindlim-suspension Capsaicin f Denervation Capsaicin 6 2 Supplementary Figure Quantitative histological analysis related to Figure and Figure. (a c) Average size of the cross-sectional areas (CSA) of muscle fiers from wild-type and nnos-null mice (a), L-NAME administered mice () and 7-nitroindazole administered mice (c) (n > 3 for all groups). (d f) Left: The CSA distriutions of muscle fiers from capsaicin-administered mice (d), from hindlim-suspended mice (e) and from denervated mice (f). At least 2, fiers were counted. Right: Average size of the CSA (n = for all groups). P <.5, P <. y Student s t-test (d f) or y ANOVA with Tukey-Kramer test (a c). Error ars indicate s.e.m.
2 a Total protein content (µg) Total protein content (µg) sham Day 7 Day sham Day 7 Day c Total protein content (µg) Trpv +/+ Trpv / Supplementary Figure 2 -induced increase of protein contents is impaired in nnos-null, FeTPPS-administered or Trpv-null mice. (a c) Total protein contents of plantaris muscle from wild-type and nnos-null mice (a), FeTPPS-administered mice () and Trpv-null mice (c) (n > for all groups). P <.5, P <., P <. y ANOVA with Tukey-Kramer test. Error ars indicate s.e.m. 2
3 a 2A 2X 2B Sham Sham Nos +/+ Nos / Type 2A Type 2B Type Nos +/+ Nos / Nos +/+ Nos / Nos +/+ Nos / c Synergist alation (d) d BrdU pulses Nos +/+ Nos / e BrdU (+) nuclei / fier laminin α2 BrdU f F/ (+) cells / section g Ly-6G (+) cells / section Nos +/+ Nos / Nos +/+ Nos / Nos +/+ Nos / 3
4 Supplementary Figure 3 The transition of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms, activation of satellite cells and inflammatory response induced y overload is not impaired in nnos-null mice. (a) Representative silver stainings of MyHC isoforms separated y glycerol-containing gels. () The percentage of MyHC type IIA-, IIB- and I-positive fiers in wild-type and nnos-null plantaris muscle as measured y immunostaining with MyHC isoformspecific antiodies (n = 3 for all groups). (c) Schematic diagram for the BrdU pulsechase experiment. (d) Representative muscle sections showing immunostainings with anti-laminin a2 (green) and anti-brdu (red) antiodies. The BrdU-positive nuclei inside the muscle asal lamina (arrows) were interpreted as eing activated satellite cells. Scale ar: µm. (e) The numer of activated satellite cells in muscle sections from sham and overloaded wild-type and nnos-null mice (n > 3). (f and g) The numer of F/ positive macrophages (f) and Ly-6G positive neutrophils (g) in muscle sections from sham and overloaded wild-type and nnos-null mice (n = for all groups). P <. y ANOVA with Tukey-Kramer test. Error ars indicate s.e.m., not significant.
5 a (mg g ) (mg g ) Nos / overload Supplementary Figure Progression of hypertrophy y nitric oxide is independent of the sgc-cgmp pathway. (a) Muscle weights 7 d after synergist alation from the cell-permeale cgmp mimetic, -Br-cGMP-, and the cgmp-specific phosphodiesterase inhiitors, tadalafilor sildenafil-administered nnos-null mice (n > ). () Muscle weights 7 d after synergist alation from the guanylate cyclase inhiitor, ODQ administered wild-type mice (n > ). Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA with Tukey-Kramer test. Error ars indicate s.e.m., not significant. ODQ 5
6 a colon c (mg g ) NOX NOX2 NOX3 NOX TBP rain (mg g ) RT(-) Nos +/+ plantaris d e Sham f (mg g ) sham overload GKT369 GKT369 g h i 2 Sham: pre-treatment : pre-treatment. : post-treatment.6 (mg g ) DPI Nox2 +/Y cpm (normalized to normal load)..2 Nox2 /Y GKT369 Sham (- Nox +/+ Nox / Normal load 3 min j p-p7s6k(thr39) p7s6k p-(ser73) Nox +/+ Nox / 6
7 Supplementary Figure 5 NOX promotes overload-induced muscle hypertrophy. (a) Muscle weights 7 d after synergist alation from the mitochondrial respiratory chain inhiitor, rotenone-, the xanthine oxidase inhiitor, allopurinol-, or the gloal NOX inhiitor, apocynin-administered wild-type mice (n > ). () RT-PCR analysis of NOX isoform expression in four samples of plantaris muscle. Colon and rain tissue samples were used as positive controls for NOX and NOX3, respectively. TATAinding protein (TBP) was used as a loading control. (c) Muscle weights 7 d after synergist alation in Nox2-null or Nox-null mice (n > 3). (d) Muscle weights 7 d after synergist alation from mice administered with either vehicle or the NOX inhiitor, GKT369 (n > 3). (e) Representative H&E stainings of transverse sections of the plantaris muscle from vehicle- or GKT369-administered mice. Scale ar: µm. (f) The cross-sectional area (CSA) distriutions are shown as frequency histograms. At least 2, fiers were counted. (g) The gloal NOX inhiitor, DPI, was administered intraperitoneally 3 min efore (pre-treatment) or 6 min after (post-treatment) synergist alation. Muscle weights 7 d after synergist alation were measured (n > ). (h) The CSA distriutions of muscle fiers from DPI-administered mice. (i) Superoxide production as measured y a lucigenin-derived chemiluminescence assay using homogenates of muscles exposed to normal load or overload for 3 min with or without DPI, GKT369 and the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) (n > 5). (j) Western lot analysis for phosphorylation of p7s6k (Thr39) and (Ser73) of muscles from normal load or overloaded for 3 min in wild-type or Nox-null mice (n > 3). P <.5, P<., P <. y ANOVA with Tukey-Kramer test. Error ars indicate s.e.m., not significant. 7
8 a p7s6k Rapamycin c (mg g ) Rapamycin p7s6k Nos +/+ Nos / FeTPPS Supplementary Figure 6 The immediate phosphorylation of p7s6k and the susequent increase in muscle weight induced y overload is mtor-dependent. (a) Three minutes after the onset of overload, plantaris muscles were taken from vehicle- or rapamycin-administered C57BL/6 mice. Phosphorylation of (Ser73) and p7s6k (Thr39) was evaluated y Western lots. () Plantaris muscles weights 7 d after synergist alation from vehicle- or rapamycin-administered mice (n > 3). (c) nnos-null or FeTPPS-administered mice were forced to run on a treadmill. Phosphorylation of (Ser73) and p7s6k (Thr39) was evaluated y Western lots. P <.5, P <. y ANOVA with Tukey-Kramer test. Error ars indicate s.e.m.
9 a Sham Day Day 3 Day 7 p7s6k Nos +/+ Nos / IGF- C57BL/6 Nos / Trpv / p- (Ser73) Nos +/+ Nos / p-p7s6k (Thr39) Nos +/+ Nos / Supplementary Figure 7 The response to IGF- is not impaired in nnos-null or Trpv-null mice. (a) Western lot analysis indicating the effect of IGF- on phosphorylation of p7s6k (Thr39) and (Ser 73) in C57BL/6, nnos-null and Trpv-null mice (n = ). () Western lot analysis indicating phosphorylation of p7s6k and in nnos-null at, 3 and 7 d after synergist alation. 9
10 s after s after a Thapsigargin.2 Peak magnitude of the Ca 2+ response (ΔF/F) SIN- c p7s6k p7s6k p7s6k p7s6k Thapsigargin Ionomycin A237 SIN- d Dantrolene Nifedipine e p7s6k p- (Ser73) Dantrolene f p7s6k Nifedipine g (mg g ) Nos +/+
11 Supplementary Figure SIN- induces intracellular calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum y regulating a RyR- or DHPR-independent pathway. (a) Left: Pseudocolor Ca 2+ images of C2C2 myotues s following SIN- treatment in a Ca 2+ uffer in order to diminish extracellular Ca 2+, or pre-treated with thapsigargin to deplete Ca 2+ stores. Scale ar: µm. Right: Quantitative analysis of the effect of Ca 2+ uffer or thapsigargin on the peak magnitude of the SIN-- induced increase of [Ca 2+ ] i (n > 3). () Western lot analysis indicating the effects of thapsigargin, ionomycin or A237 with or without BAPTA-AM on phosphorylation of (Ser73) and p7s6k (Thr39). (c) Western lot analysis indicating the effect of SIN- with or without BAPTA-AM on phosphorylation of and p7s6k. (d) Left: Pseudocolor Ca 2+ images of C2C2 myotues s following SIN- treatment with or without dantrolene or nifedipine to inhiit RyR or DHPR. Scale ar: µm. Right: Quantitative analysis of the effect of dantrolene or nifedipine on the peak magnitude of the SIN--induced increase of [Ca 2+ ] i (n > 3). (e and f) Western lot analysis indicating the effects of dantrolene (e) or nifedipine (f) on the overload-induced phosphorylation of p7s6k and (n > 3 for all groups). (g) Muscle weights 7 d after synergist alation in vehicle-, dantrolene- or nifedipine-administered mice (n = ). P <. y ANOVA with Tukey-Kramer test., not significant.
Supplementary Figure 1
VO (ml kg - min - ) VCO (ml kg - min - ) Respiratory exchange ratio Energy expenditure (cal kg - min - ) Locomotor activity (x count) Body temperature ( C) Relative mrna expression TA Sol EDL PT Heart
More informationSupplementary Figure 1. DJ-1 modulates ROS concentration in mouse skeletal muscle.
Supplementary Figure 1. DJ-1 modulates ROS concentration in mouse skeletal muscle. (a) mrna levels of Dj1 measured by quantitative RT-PCR in soleus, gastrocnemius (Gastroc.) and extensor digitorum longus
More informationNox-Dependent Mechanisms of Cardiomyocyte Dysfunction in a Model of Pressure Overload
Nox-Dependent Mechanisms of Cardiomyocyte Dysfunction in a Model of Pressure Overload Giovanna Frazziano, PhD Vascular Medicine Institute Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology University of Pittsburgh
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
doi:10.1038/nature12652 Supplementary Figure 1. PRDM16 interacts with endogenous EHMT1 in brown adipocytes. Immunoprecipitation of PRDM16 complex by flag antibody (M2) followed by Western blot analysis
More informationSupplementary Figure 1
Supplementary Figure 1 Supplementary Figure 1 Schematic depiction of the tandem Fc GDF15. Supplementary Figure 2 Supplementary Figure 2 Gfral mrna levels in the brains of both wild-type and knockout Gfral
More informationMuscle Tissue. Muscle Development and Repair. Development: fusion of myoblasts. Repair: Satellite cells (S) 3 Types of Muscle
ANNOUNCEMENTS Review Session Every Friday at 12:20 Muscle Tissue 3 Types of Muscle Function: Force generation Lab Practical Coming up! October 26 th, 27 th Muscle Tissue Striated Nonstriated Skeletal Smooth
More informationSupplementary fig. 1. Crystals induce necroptosis does not involve caspases, TNF receptor or NLRP3. A. Mouse tubular epithelial cells were pretreated
Supplementary fig. 1. Crystals induce necroptosis does not involve caspases, TNF receptor or NLRP3. A. Mouse tubular epithelial cells were pretreated with zvad-fmk (10µM) and exposed to calcium oxalate
More informationSupplementary Figure 1.
Supplementary Figure 1. Transduction of adipocytes after intra-ewat administration of AAV vectors. A: Immunostaining against GFP (green) in sections of ewat two weeks after the intra-ewat administration
More informationmarker. DAPI labels nuclei. Flies were 20 days old. Scale bar is 5 µm. Ctrl is
Supplementary Figure 1. (a) Nos is detected in glial cells in both control and GFAP R79H transgenic flies (arrows), but not in deletion mutant Nos Δ15 animals. Repo is a glial cell marker. DAPI labels
More informationSupplementary Figure 1. Confocal immunofluorescence showing mitochondrial translocation of Drp1. Cardiomyocytes treated with H 2 O 2 were prestained
Supplementary Figure 1. Confocal immunofluorescence showing mitochondrial translocation of Drp1. Cardiomyocytes treated with H 2 O 2 were prestained with MitoTracker (red), then were immunostained with
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
Supplementary Figure 1. Behavioural effects of ketamine in non-stressed and stressed mice. Naive C57BL/6 adult male mice (n=10/group) were given a single dose of saline vehicle or ketamine (3.0 mg/kg,
More informationNature Immunology doi: /ni.3268
Supplementary Figure 1 Loss of Mst1 and Mst2 increases susceptibility to bacterial sepsis. (a) H&E staining of colon and kidney sections from wild type and Mst1 -/- Mst2 fl/fl Vav-Cre mice. Scale bar,
More informationSupplementary Figure S1. TRAIL-induced necroptosis at acidic phe is dependent on
Online supplementary information Supplementary Figure S1. TRAIL-induced necroptos at acidic phe is dependent on RIPK1 and RIPK3. (a) HT29 cells were tranently transfected with RIPK1, RIPK3, RIPK1/ RIPK3
More informationhemodynamic stress. A. Echocardiographic quantification of cardiac dimensions and function in
SUPPLEMENTAL FIGURE LEGENDS Supplemental Figure 1. Fbn1 C1039G/+ hearts display normal cardiac function in the absence of hemodynamic stress. A. Echocardiographic quantification of cardiac dimensions and
More informationSupplementary. limb. bars
Figure 1. CD163 -/- mice exhibit a similar phenotype ass WT mice in the absence of ischemic injury. a, Laser Doppler analysiss with perfusion quantitation at baseline (n= =10 per group). b, Immunostaining
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY LEGENDS...
TABLE OF CONTENTS SUPPLEMENTARY LEGENDS... 2 11 MOVIE S1... 2 FIGURE S1 LEGEND... 3 FIGURE S2 LEGEND... 4 FIGURE S3 LEGEND... 5 FIGURE S4 LEGEND... 6 FIGURE S5 LEGEND... 7 FIGURE S6 LEGEND... 8 FIGURE
More informationExercise Intolerance in Heart Failure: Significance of Skeletal Muscle Abnormalities
Exercise Intolerance in Heart Failure: Significance of Skeletal Muscle Abnormalities Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Shintaro Kinugawa Survival rate (%) Peak oxygen uptake and prognosis
More informationSupplemental Figure I
Supplemental Figure I Kl ( mmol/l)-induced Force orta M (mn) 1 (mn) 1 Supplemental Figure I. Kl-induced contractions. and, Kl ( mmol/l)-induced contractions of the aorta () and those of mesenteric arteries
More informationGW(g)/BW(g) GW(g)/BW(g) Con Dex Con Dex. GW(g)/BW(g) Relative mrna levels. Atrogin-1 Murf-1. Atrogin-1 Murf-1. Soleus
a b c GW(g) GW(g) GW(g) 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 Den * ** GW(g)/BW(g) Den Dex Dex GW(g)/BW(g) d 0.00 Fasting GW(g) e 0.15 Cancer Cachexia f GW(g) 0.10 0.05 0.00 Young ** Old g GW(g)/BW(g)
More informationSOD1 inhibition reduces non-small cell lung cancer by inducing cell death
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION SOD1 inhibition reduces non-small cell lung cancer by inducing cell death Andrea Glasauer, Laura A. Sena, Lauren P. Diebold, Andrew P. Mazar & Navdeep S. Chandel Inventory of Supplemental
More informationSupplementary Figure S1 Stereotypic socio-sexual actions when sexually active male quail are paired in a relatively small cage.
c d e Supplementary Figure S1 Stereotypic socio-sexual actions when sexually active male quail are paired in a relatively small cage. (a) Struts, () Pecks, (c) Gras, (d) Mounts, (e) Cloacal Contact (CC)-like
More informationSupplementary Table 1.
Supplementary Table 1. Expression of genes involved in brown fat differentiation in WAT of db/db mice treated with HDAC inhibitors. Data are expressed as fold change (FC) versus control. symbol FC SAHA
More informationGPR120 *** * * Liver BAT iwat ewat mwat Ileum Colon. UCP1 mrna ***
a GPR120 GPR120 mrna/ppia mrna Arbitrary Units 150 100 50 Liver BAT iwat ewat mwat Ileum Colon b UCP1 mrna Fold induction 20 15 10 5 - camp camp SB202190 - - - H89 - - - - - GW7647 Supplementary Figure
More informationc Ischemia (30 min) Reperfusion (8 w) Supplementary Figure bp 300 bp Ischemia (30 min) Reperfusion (4 h) Dox 20 mg/kg i.p.
a Marker Ripk3 +/ 5 bp 3 bp b Ischemia (3 min) Reperfusion (4 h) d 2 mg/kg i.p. 1 w 5 w Sacrifice for IF size A subset for echocardiography and morphological analysis c Ischemia (3 min) Reperfusion (8
More informationSupplementary Figure 1. Western blot of hippocampal lysates from WT and Adcy1 KO mice demonstrates the specificity of the ADCY1 antibody.
ADCY1 13 kda β-actin 45 kda Supplementary Figure 1. Western blot of hippocampal lysates from and mice demonstrates the specificity of the ADCY1 antibody. a DHPG perk1/2 ERK1/2 Relative level min 1.6 *
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
doi:10.1038/nature10188 Supplementary Figure 1. Embryonic epicardial genes are down-regulated from midgestation stages and barely detectable post-natally. Real time qrt-pcr revealed a significant down-regulation
More informationSupplementary Figure 1
Combination index (CI) Supplementary Figure 1 2. 1.5 1. Ishikawa AN3CA Nou-1 Hec-18.5...2.4.6.8 1. Fraction affected (Fa) Supplementary Figure 1. The synergistic effect of PARP inhibitor and PI3K inhibitor
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
doi: 10.1038/nature06994 A phosphatase cascade by which rewarding stimuli control nucleosomal response A. Stipanovich*, E. Valjent*, M. Matamales*, A. Nishi, J.H. Ahn, M. Maroteaux, J. Bertran-Gonzalez,
More informationExercise Alters Stress and Inflammatory Response in Lungs of Mice
Exercise Alters Stress and Inflammatory Response in Lungs of Mice Joseph Sevcik1, Shibani Naik2, Marian L Kohut1,2 1Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 2Immunobiology Department,
More informationGallic acid prevents isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis through regulation of JNK2 signaling and Smad3 binding activity
Gallic acid prevents isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis through regulation of JNK2 signaling and Smad3 binding activity Yuhee Ryu 1,+, Li Jin 1,2+, Hae Jin Kee 1,, Zhe Hao Piao 3, Jae
More informationIP: anti-gfp VPS29-GFP. IP: anti-vps26. IP: anti-gfp - + +
FAM21 Strump. WASH1 IP: anti- 1 2 3 4 5 6 FAM21 Strump. FKBP IP: anti-gfp VPS29- GFP GFP-FAM21 tail H H/P P H H/P P c FAM21 FKBP Strump. VPS29-GFP IP: anti-gfp 1 2 3 FKBP VPS VPS VPS VPS29 1 = VPS29-GFP
More informationSupplementary information to: Mechanism of lipopolysaccharide-induced skin edema formation in the mouse
Supplementary information to: Mechanism of lipopolysaccharide-induced skin edema formation in the mouse Ivan Zanoni*, Renato Ostuni*, Simona Barresi, Marco Di Gioia, Achille Broggi, Barbara Costa, Roberta
More informationMoh Tarek + Faisal Massad. Tala Saleh ... Naif
19 Moh Tarek + Faisal Massad Tala Saleh... Naif Last lecture we ve talked about the main antioxidant system which are the enzymes found in our body, mainly: 1. Glutathione peroxidase 2. Super oxide dismutase(sod)
More informationSupplementary Information. Protectin DX alleviates insulin resistance by activating a myokine-liver glucoregulatory axis.
Supplementary Information Protectin DX alleviates insulin resistance by activating a myokine-liver glucoregulatory axis. Phillip J. White, Philippe St-Pierre, Alexandre Charbonneau, Patricia Mitchell,
More informationTherapeutic PD L1 and LAG 3 blockade rapidly clears established blood stage Plasmodium infection
Supplementary Information Therapeutic PD L1 and LAG 3 blockade rapidly clears established blood stage Plasmodium infection Noah S. Butler, Jacqueline Moebius, Lecia L. Pewe, Boubacar Traore, Ogobara K.
More informationSupplemental Materials for. Effects of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 phosphorylation in response to. FTY720 during neuroinflammation
Supplemental Materials for Effects of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 phosphorylation in response to FTY7 during neuroinflammation This file includes: Supplemental Table 1. EAE clinical parameters of
More informationSupplementary Figure 1. Normal T lymphocyte populations in Dapk -/- mice. (a) Normal thymic development in Dapk -/- mice. Thymocytes from WT and Dapk
Supplementary Figure 1. Normal T lymphocyte populations in Dapk -/- mice. (a) Normal thymic development in Dapk -/- mice. Thymocytes from WT and Dapk -/- mice were stained for expression of CD4 and CD8.
More informationSupplementary Figure 1 Chemokine and chemokine receptor expression during muscle regeneration (a) Analysis of CR3CR1 mrna expression by real time-pcr
Supplementary Figure 1 Chemokine and chemokine receptor expression during muscle regeneration (a) Analysis of CR3CR1 mrna expression by real time-pcr at day 0, 1, 4, 10 and 21 post- muscle injury. (b)
More informationNature Medicine: doi: /nm.4324
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Supplementary Figure 1. Kinetics of SnCs development in surgically-induced OA and effect of GCV-induced SnC clearance on OA disease progression
More informationDoes Nitric Oxide Regulate Skeletal Muscle Glucose Uptake during Exercise?
ARTICLE Does Nitric Oxide Regulate Skeletal Muscle Glucose Uptake during Exercise? Glenn K. McConell 1 and Bronwyn A. Kingwell 2 1 Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia;
More informationSerum cytokine levels in control and tumor-bearing male and female mice at day 15.
Supplementary Table 1. Serum cytokine levels in control and tumor-bearing male and female mice at day 15. Male Female Cytokine Control C-26 Control C-26 IL-1β 2.0 ± 0.8 9.6 ± 1.5* 1.8 ± 0.2 6.8 ± 1.4*
More informationE3 ligase TRIM72 negatively regulates myogenesis by IRS-1 ubiquitination
E3 ligase negatively regulates myogenesis by IRS-1 ubiquitination Young-Gyu Ko College of Life Science and Biotechnology Korea University MyHC immunofluorescence Lipid rafts are plasma membrane compartments
More informationSupplementary Information. Cofilin Regulates Nuclear Architecture through a Myosin-II Dependent Mechanotransduction Module
Supplementary Information Cofilin Regulates Nuclear Architecture through a Myosin-II Dependent Mechanotransduction Module O Neil Wiggan, Bryce Schroder, Diego Krapf, James R. Bamurg and Jennifer G. DeLuca
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY FIGURES AND TABLE
SUPPLEMENTARY FIGURES AND TABLE Supplementary Figure S1: Characterization of IRE1α mutants. A. U87-LUC cells were transduced with the lentiviral vector containing the GFP sequence (U87-LUC Tet-ON GFP).
More informationNature Immunology: doi: /ni Supplementary Figure 1. IC261 inhibits a virus-induced type I interferon response.
Supplementary Figure 1 IC261 inhibits a virus-induced type I interferon response. (a) HEK293T cells were cultured in 384 wells and transiently transfected with 50 ng of the IFN-β promoter-luc construct
More informationCellular Bioelectricity
ELEC ENG 3BB3: Cellular Bioelectricity Notes for Lecture 22 Friday, February 28, 2014 10. THE NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION We will look at: Structure of the neuromuscular junction Evidence for the quantal nature
More informationSupplementary Materials for
www.sciencesignaling.org/cgi/content/full/8/358/ra2/dc1 Supplementary Materials for Localized TRPA1 channel Ca 2+ signals stimulated by reactive oxygen species promote cerebral artery dilation Michelle
More informationFigure S1. Sorting nexin 9 (SNX9) specifically binds psmad3 and not psmad 1/5/8. Lysates from AKR-2B cells untreated (-) or stimulated (+) for 45 min
Figure S1. Sorting nexin 9 (SNX9) specifically binds psmad3 and not psmad 1/5/8. Lysates from AKR2B cells untreated () or stimulated () for 45 min with 5 ng/ml TGFβ or 10 ng/ml BMP4 were incubated with
More informationTime after injection (hours) ns ns
Platelet life span (% iotinylated platelets) 1 8 6 4 2 4 24 48 72 96 Time after injection (hours) 6 4 2 IgG GPIα GPIβ GPII GPVI Receptor expression (GeoMean, fluorescence inteity) Supplementary figure
More informationSupplementary Figure 1. ETBF activate Stat3 in B6 and Min mice colons
Supplementary Figure 1 ETBF activate Stat3 in B6 and Min mice colons a pstat3 controls Pos Neg ETBF 1 2 3 4 b pstat1 pstat2 pstat3 pstat4 pstat5 pstat6 Actin Figure Legend: (a) ETBF induce predominantly
More informationConnective Tissue Response in IBD
Connective Tissue Response in IBD Dr I C Lawrance MB BS, PhD FRACP School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Fremantle Hospital Intestinal response to Chronic Inflammation Control
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY FIG. S5. ROS regulated the signaling responses of A. gambiae 4a3B cells to human insulin. (A) 4a3B cells were stimulated with 6000
Supplementary Data SUPPLEMENTARY FIG. S1. Exogenous H 2 O 2 induced rapid activation of ERK in Anopheles stephensi cells. ASE cells were treated with PBS or with 500 mmh 2 O 2 for 5, 30, 60, and 180 min.
More informationSupplementary Figure S1. Flow cytometric analysis of the expression of Thy1 in NH cells. Flow cytometric analysis of the expression of T1/ST2 and
Supplementary Figure S1. Flow cytometric analysis of the expression of Thy1 in NH cells. Flow cytometric analysis of the expression of T1/ST2 and Thy1 in NH cells derived from the lungs of naïve mice.
More informationSupplementary Figure 1.
Supplementary Figure 1. Female Pro-ins2 -/- mice at 5-6 weeks of age were either inoculated i.p. with a single dose of CVB4 (1x10 5 PFU/mouse) or PBS and treated with αgalcer or control vehicle. On day
More informationAP VP DLP H&E. p-akt DLP
A B AP VP DLP H&E AP AP VP DLP p-akt wild-type prostate PTEN-null prostate Supplementary Fig. 1. Targeted deletion of PTEN in prostate epithelium resulted in HG-PIN in all three lobes. (A) The anatomy
More informationSupplementary Information
Supplementary Information Title Degeneration and impaired regeneration of gray matter oligodendrocytes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Authors Shin H. Kang, Ying Li, Masahiro Fukaya, Ileana Lorenzini,
More informationSupplemental Figure 1. Western blot analysis indicated that MIF was detected in the fractions of
Supplemental Figure Legends Supplemental Figure 1. Western blot analysis indicated that was detected in the fractions of plasma membrane and cytosol but not in nuclear fraction isolated from Pkd1 null
More informationSupplementary Figure 1. Baf60c and baf180 are induced during cardiac regeneration in zebrafish. RNA in situ hybridization was performed on paraffin
Supplementary Figure 1. Baf60c and baf180 are induced during cardiac regeneration in zebrafish. RNA in situ hybridization was performed on paraffin sections from sham-operated adult hearts (a and i) and
More informationCOPD lungs show an attached stratified mucus layer that separate. bacteria from the epithelial cells resembling the protective colonic
COPD lungs show an attached stratified mucus layer that separate bacteria from the epithelial cells resembling the protective colonic mucus SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES AND FIGURES Tables S1 S8, page 1 and separate
More informationMuscle Fiber Type-Dependent Differences in the Regulation of Protein Synthesis
Muscle Fiber Type-Dependent Differences in the Regulation of Protein Synthesis Craig A. Goodman, Jack A. Kotecki, Brittany L. Jacobs, Troy A. Hornberger* Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of
More informationSupplemental Information. Metabolic Maturation during Muscle Stem Cell. Differentiation Is Achieved by mir-1/133a-mediated
Cell Metabolism, Volume 27 Supplemental Information Metabolic Maturation during Muscle Stem Cell Differentiation Is Achieved by mir-1/133a-mediated Inhibition of the Dlk1-Dio3 Mega Gene Cluster Stas Wüst,
More informationLPS LPS P6 - + Supplementary Fig. 1.
P6 LPS - - - + + + - LPS + + - - P6 + Supplementary Fig. 1. Pharmacological inhibition of the JAK/STAT blocks LPS-induced HMGB1 nuclear translocation. RAW 267.4 cells were stimulated with LPS in the absence
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
DOI:.38/ncb3399 a b c d FSP DAPI 5mm mm 5mm 5mm e Correspond to melanoma in-situ Figure a DCT FSP- f MITF mm mm MlanaA melanoma in-situ DCT 5mm FSP- mm mm mm mm mm g melanoma in-situ MITF MlanaA mm mm
More informationPSK4U THE NEUROMUSCULAR SYSTEM
PSK4U THE NEUROMUSCULAR SYSTEM REVIEW Review of muscle so we can see how the neuromuscular system works This is not on today's note Skeletal Muscle Cell: Cellular System A) Excitation System Electrical
More informationPostn MCM Smad2 fl/fl Postn MCM Smad3 fl/fl Postn MCM Smad2/3 fl/fl. Postn MCM. Tgfbr1/2 fl/fl TAC
A Smad2 fl/fl Smad3 fl/fl Smad2/3 fl/fl Tgfbr1/2 fl/fl 1. mm B Tcf21 MCM Tcf21 MCM Smad3 fl/fl Tcf21 MCM Smad2/3 fl/fl Tcf21 MCM Tgfbr1/2 fl/fl αmhc MCM C 1. mm 1. mm D Smad2 fl/fl Smad3 fl/fl Smad2/3
More informationImpaired overload-induced muscle growth is associated with diminished translational signalling in aged rat fast-twitch skeletal muscle
J Physiol 574.1 (26) pp 291 35 291 Impaired overload-induced muscle growth is associated with diminished translational signalling in aged rat fast-twitch skeletal muscle David M. Thomson and Scott E. Gordon
More informationFigure S1 Generation of γ-gt DTR transgenic mice. (A) Schematic construct of the transgene. (B)
Figure S1 Generation of γ-gt DTR transgenic mice. (A) Schematic construct of the transgene. (B) PCR identified expected hhb-egf band (left panel) and HA tag band (right) in kidneys of transgenic (TG) mice
More informationNC bp. b 1481 bp
Kcna3 NC 11 178 p 1481 p 346 p c *** *** d relative expression..4.3.2.1 CD4 T cells Kcna1 Kcna2 Kcna3 Kcna4 Kcna Kcna6 Kcna7 Kcnn4 relative expression..4.3.2.1 CD8 T cells Kcna1 Kcna2 Kcna3 Kcna4 Kcna
More informationSupplementary Information. Tissue-wide immunity against Leishmania. through collective production of nitric oxide
Supplementary Information Tissue-wide immunity against Leishmania through collective production of nitric oxide Romain Olekhnovitch, Bernhard Ryffel, Andreas J. Müller and Philippe Bousso Supplementary
More informationSupplementary Figure 1. Expression of phospho-sik3 in normal and osteoarthritic articular cartilage in the knee. (a) Semiserial histological sections
Supplementary Figure 1. Expression of phospho-sik3 in normal and osteoarthritic articular cartilage in the knee. (a) Semiserial histological sections of normal cartilage were stained with safranin O-fast
More information1.5 ASK1KO fed. fasted 16 hrs w/o water. Fed. 4th. 4th WT ASK1KO N=29, 11(WT), ,5(ASK1KO) ASK1KO ASK1KO **** Time [h]
7: 13: 19: 1: 7: 151117 a 151117 4th 4th b c RQ.95 KO.9.85.8.75.7 light dark light dark.65 7: 19: 7: 19: 7: Means ± SEM, N=6 RQ 1..9.8.7.6.6 KO CL (-) CL (+) ibat weight ratio (/body weight) [%].5.4.3.2.1
More informationInfluence of Thyroid Status on the Differentiation of Slow and Fast Muscle Phenotypes
Physiol. Res. 53 (Suppl. 1): S57-S61, 2004 Influence of Thyroid Status on the Differentiation of Slow and Fast Muscle Phenotypes A. VADÁSZOVÁ, G. ZACHAŘOVÁ, K. MACHÁČOVÁ, I. JIRMANOVÁ, T. SOUKUP Department
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
DOI: 10.1038/ncb3461 In the format provided by the authors and unedited. Supplementary Figure 1 (associated to Figure 1). Cpeb4 gene-targeted mice develop liver steatosis. a, Immunoblot displaying CPEB4
More informationEosinophils are required. for the maintenance of plasma cells in the bone marrow
Eosinophils are required for the maintenance of plasma cells in the bone marrow Van Trung Chu, Anja Fröhlich, Gudrun Steinhauser, Tobias Scheel, Toralf Roch, Simon Fillatreau, James J. Lee, Max Löhning
More informationA. Generation and characterization of Ras-expressing autophagycompetent
Supplemental Material Supplemental Figure Legends Fig. S1 A. Generation and characterization of Ras-expressing autophagycompetent and -deficient cell lines. HA-tagged H-ras V12 was stably expressed in
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY RESULTS
SUPPLEMENTARY RESULTS Supplementary Table 1. hfpr1- Flpln-CHO hfpr2-flpln-cho pec 50 E max (%) Log( /K A) Log( /K A) N pec 50 E max (%) Log( /K A) Log( /K A) n ERK1/2 phosphorylation fmlp 9.0±0.6 80±7
More informationStaircase in mammalian muscle without light chain phosphorylation
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (1999) 32: 121-129 Staircase in atrophied muscle ISSN 0100-879X 121 Staircase in mammalian muscle without light chain phosphorylation D.E. Rassier,
More informationMuscles, muscle fibres and myofibrils
Muscles, muscle fibres and myofibrils Properties of Muscle Fiber Types Fast fibers Slow fibers Characteristic IIb IIx IIa Type I V max (speed of shortening) Highest Intermediate Low Resistance to fatigue
More informationNeocortex Zbtb20 / NFIA / Sox9
Neocortex / NFIA / Sox9 Supplementary Figure 1. Expression of, NFIA, and Sox9 in the mouse neocortex at. The lower panels are higher magnification views of the oxed area. Arrowheads indicate triple-positive
More informationSupplementary Figure 1: Expression of NFAT proteins in Nfat2-deleted B cells (a+b) Protein expression of NFAT2 (a) and NFAT1 (b) in isolated splenic
Supplementary Figure 1: Expression of NFAT proteins in Nfat2-deleted B cells (a+b) Protein expression of NFAT2 (a) and NFAT1 (b) in isolated splenic B cells from WT Nfat2 +/+, TCL1 Nfat2 +/+ and TCL1 Nfat2
More informationReactive oxygen species: Importance for ischemia/reperfusion (injury)
Physiologisches Institut Reactive oxygen species: Importance for ischemia/reperfusion (injury) Prof. Dr. Rainer Schulz Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) ROS GOOD: Endogenous
More informationA Slfn2 mutation causes lymphoid and myeloid immunodeficiency due to loss of immune cell quiescence
Supplementary Information A Slfn mutation causes lymphoid and myeloid immunodeficiency due to loss of immune cell quiescence Michael Berger, Philippe Kres, Karine Crozat, Xiaohong Li, Ben A. Croker, Owen
More informationdoi: /nature10632
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION doi:10.1038/nature10632 Supplementary Figure 1 Lyn mediates neutrophil wound responses as a redox sensor. a, A schematic model. Wounded epithelial cells release H 2 O 2 by an
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
1. Supplementary Figures and Legends Supplementary Fig. 1. S1P-mediated transcriptional regulation of integrins expressed in OP/monocytoid cells. Real-time quantitative PCR analyses of mrna for two integrins,
More informationSupplementary Figure 1. Characterization of human carotid plaques. (a) Flash-frozen human plaques were separated into vulnerable (V) and stable (S),
Supplementary Figure 1. Characterization of human carotid plaques. (a) Flash-frozen human plaques were separated into vulnerable (V) and stable (S), regions which were then quantified for mean fluorescence
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL IL-1 signaling modulates activation of STAT transcription factors to antagonize retinoic acid signaling and control the T H 17 cell it reg cell balance Rajatava Basu 1,5, Sarah K.
More informationSupplementary Figure 1. Satellite cell contribution to myofibers in whole. gastrocnemius/plantaris/soleus, diaphragm, and EOM of 12 or 20 month
Keefe et al. p. 1 Supplementary Figure 1. Satellite cell contribution to myofibers in whole muscles. (a-l) Representative cross-sections through whole TA/EDL, gastrocnemius/plantaris/soleus, diaphragm,
More informationSUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION
doi:10.1038/nature10134 Supplementary Figure 1. Anti-inflammatory activity of sfc. a, Autoantibody immune complexes crosslink activating Fc receptors, promoting activation of macrophages, and WWW.NATURE.COM/NATURE
More informationNature Medicine doi: /nm.3957
Supplementary Fig. 1. p38 alternative activation, IL-21 expression, and T helper cell transcription factors in PDAC tissue. (a) Tissue microarrays of pancreatic tissue from 192 patients with pancreatic
More informationFig. S1. Weight of embryos during development. Embryos are collected at different time points (E12.5, E14.5, E16.5 and E18.5) from matings between
Fig. S1. Weight of embryos during development. Embryos are collected at different time points (E12.5, E14.5, E16.5 and E18.5) from matings between Myod +/ or Myod / females and Myod +/ ;Igf2 +/ males and
More informationSupplementary Figure 1. H-PGDS deficiency does not affect GI tract functions and anaphylactic reaction. (a) Representative pictures of H&E-stained
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Supplementary Figure 1. H-PGDS deficiency does not affect GI tract functions and anaphylactic reaction. (a) Representative pictures of H&E-stained jejunum sections ( 200 magnification;
More informationJASON A. DRENNING UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
NITRIC OXIDE FACILITATES NUCLEAR FACTOR OF ACTIVATED T-CELL (NFAT) ACTIVITY THROUGH AKT INDUCED GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE-3BETA (GSK-3Beta) PHOSPHORYLATION By JASON A. DRENNING A DISSERTATION PRESENTED
More informationB lymphocytes trigger monocyte mobilization and impair heart function after acute myocardial infarction
Supplementary Figures to 3 B lymphocytes trigger monocyte moilization and impair heart function after acute myocardial infarction Yasmine Zouggari, Hafid Ait-Oufella, Philippe Bonnin, Taassome Simon, Andrew
More informationInterferon γ regulates idiopathic pneumonia syndrome, a. Th17 + CD4 + T-cell-mediated GvH disease
Interferon γ regulates idiopathic pneumonia syndrome, a Th17 + CD4 + T-cell-mediated GvH disease Nora Mauermann, Julia Burian, Christophe von Garnier, Stefan Dirnhofer, Davide Germano, Christine Schuett,
More informationSupplementary Fig. S1. Schematic diagram of minigenome segments.
open reading frame 1565 (segment 5) 47 (-) 3 5 (+) 76 101 125 149 173 197 221 246 287 open reading frame 890 (segment 8) 60 (-) 3 5 (+) 172 Supplementary Fig. S1. Schematic diagram of minigenome segments.
More informationSupplementary Materials for
www.sciencesignaling.org/cgi/content/full/6/278/rs11/dc1 Supplementary Materials for In Vivo Phosphoproteomics Analysis Reveals the Cardiac Targets of β-adrenergic Receptor Signaling Alicia Lundby,* Martin
More informationNature Structural & Molecular Biology: doi: /nsmb Supplementary Figure 1. Generation and validation of mtef4-knockout mice.
Supplementary Figure 1 Generation and validation of mtef4-knockout mice. (a) Alignment of EF4 (E. coli) with mouse, yeast and human EF4. (b) Domain structures of mouse mtef4 compared to those of EF4 (E.
More informationSupplemental Figure 1. (A) Western blot for the expression of RIPK1 in HK-2 cells treated with or without LPS (1 µg/ml) for indicated times.
Supplemental Figure 1. (A) Western blot for the expression of RIPK1 in HK-2 cells treated with or without LPS (1 µg/ml) for indicated times. Western blots shown are representative results from 3 independent
More informationCombined Rho-kinase inhibition and immunogenic cell death triggers and propagates immunity against cancer
Supplementary Information Combined Rho-kinase inhibition and immunogenic cell death triggers and propagates immunity against cancer Gi-Hoon Nam, Eun-Jung Lee, Yoon Kyoung Kim, Yeonsun Hong, Yoonjeong Choi,
More informationMuscle regenerative capacity and aging
Muscle regenerative capacity and aging International Conference on Frailty & Sarcopenia Research Charlotte A. Peterson Miami, Florida March 1-3, 2018 Satellite cells: Resident muscle stem cells Relaix
More information