Evaluation of Rovabio Max in Normal and Reduced-Nutrient Corn-Soybean Meal and Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles Diets for Broilers 1

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1 Interntionl Journl of Poultr Science 0 (0): , 20 ISSN Asin Network for Scientific Informtion, 20 Evlution of Rovio Mx in Norml nd Reduced-Nutrient Corn-Soen Mel nd Distillers Dried Grins with Solules Diets for Broilers 2 3 Y.N. Min, F.Z. Liu, A. Hncock, C. Coto, C. Lu, A. Krimi, F. Yn nd P.W. Wldroup College of Animl Science nd Technolog, Northwest A&F Universit, Yngling, Chin 7200 Deprtment of Poultr Science, Universit of Arknss, Fetteville AR 7270, USA Astrct: A stud ws conducted to evlute the effects of dding Rovio Mx, n exogenous enzme contining lnse, $-glucnse, pectinse, mnnnse, phtse nd "-glctosidse ctivit to roiler diets with norml or reduced nutrient levels. Positive control diets for 0-3 wk nd 3-6 wk were prepred sed on NRC (994) recommendtions with Ls djusted to.2% for 0-3 wk nd.% for 3-6 wk. These diets were formulted with or without the ddition of 20% Distillers Dried Grins with Solules (DDGS) of known composition. Reduced nutrient diets were prepred reducing dietr metolizle energ 40 kcl/l (88 kcl/kg), C 0.0% nd ville P 0.2% (EPC) nd n dditionl reduction of 5% in essentil mino cids (EPC+AA). All diets were then fed with or without the ddition of Rovio Mx t 200 g/ton s suggested the mnufcturer. Ech diet ws fed to four pens of 60 mle irds of commercil strin (Co 500) mintined in litter floor pens. Birds were weighed nd feed consumption determined t 2 nd 42 d of ge. Two irds per pen were killed nd tii sh determined t 2 nd 42 d; five irds per pen were killed t 42 d to determine crcss dressing percentge nd prts ield. Birds fed the EPC diets did not differ significntl from those fed the positive control diet for od weight, mortlit, tii sh, dressing percentge, or rest met ield t n point in the stud. Additionl reduction in mino cid content of the diets (EPC+AA) resulted in significnt decrese in 42 d od weight nd reduction in 2 d tii sh compred to irds fed the positive control diet. Numericl differences in feed conversion were oserved for oth levels of nutrient reduction ut not commensurte to the reduction in dietr energ content. Therefore, response to n exogenous enzme might e expected to e miniml. The onl positive response to the ddition of Rovio Mx ws significnt improvement in 2 d tii sh, due to the phtse ctivit of the enzme comintion. Inclusion of 20% DDGS in diets in the present stud hd no dverse effects on roiler performnce. The response to the DDGS ws significntl higher in diets with reduced mino cid levels; the DDGS smple in the present stud contined similr levels of crude protein s in the ssigned nutrient mtrix ut the qulit of the product ppered to e superior s judged the light color indicting miniml overheting. It would pper tht the level of nutrient reduction in the present stud ws not sufficient to result in significnt reduction in performnce, other thn tii sh t 2 d. In order to demonstrte positive effects from this or other enzmes, it is necessr to hve diets with greter degree of nutrient reduction thn imposed in the present stud. Ke words: Rovio Mx, soen mel, poultr industr INTRODUCTION Soen mel is widel recognized s high-qulit protein source nd is the leding protein supplement in the United Sttes, Brzil nd mn other mjor poultr producing countries. However, soen mel lso contins pproximtel 30% crohdrte nd the digestiilit of this frction is considered ver poor. Honig nd Rkis (979) noted tht the crohdrte frction is mde up lmost equll of vrious oligoscchrides nd polscchrides. The poor digestiilit of the oligoscchride frction leds to covert losses to the poultr industr, with one of the most ovious eing the loss of potentil energ. Studies on metolizle energ indicte tht soen mel nd dehulled soen mel contin out 5-6% more gross energ thn corn ut 54 nd 42% less metolizle energ (Hill et l., 960; Hill nd Renner, 960; Potter nd Mtterson, 960; Sild nd Slinger, 962), indicting tht some component(s) of the soen mels re poorl digested nd metolized. Incresing production of ethnol from corn hs resulted in lrge quntities of the residue of grin fermenttion, known s Distillers Dried Grins with Solules (DDGS). The DDGS contin much lower quntities of strch nd higher levels of fier thn the originl grin. Consequentl, the usle energ content of DDGS is much lower thn tht of the initil grin. Min et l. (2009) reported tht roiler chicks digested 76.4% of the gross energ in tpicl corn-soen mel diet ut onl 67.6% of the gross energ in diet with 30% DDGS. Corresponding Author: P.W. Wldroup, Deprtment of Poultr Science, Universit of Arknss, Fetteville AR

2 Int. J. Poult. Sci., 0 (0): , 20 Mn enzmes hve een found to e eneficil when sources. The comintion of two sl diets fed t three dded to poultr diets contining crohdrtes or nutrient levels resulted in six dietr tretments. protein sources contining high level of Non-Strch Composition nd clculted nutrient content of diets for Polscchrides (NSP), such s whet, rle, re, pes 0-3 nd 3-6 weeks re shown in Tle nd 2, nd lupins (Bedford nd Morgn, 996; Chesson, 200; respectivel. Ech of these six diets ws mixed nd Acmovic, 200). Few studies, however, hve liquots treted with Rovio Mx liquid t the consistentl demonstrted response to such enzmes recommended level of 200 g/ton for totl of twelve finl when the diets re composed primril of corn nd tretments. The enzme ws prelended with portion soen mel. Wldroup et l. (2005, 2006) noted little of the diet in phrmceuticl-tpe V-mixer efore or no improvement in metolizle energ of soen lending with the reminder of the diet. Diets were mel s the result of the ddition of n "-glctosidse pelleted with stem with crumles fed for 0-2 d. enzme. Min et l. (2009) reported tht two commercil Ech of the twelve finl tretments ws ssigned to enzme products filed to improve energ digestiilit of four replicte pens of 60 mle roilers ech. The corn-soen mel diets with nd without the presence replicte pens were rndomized in four qudrnts of the of 30% DDGS, even when fed t two nd four times the house. recommended level. Mle chicks of commercil roiler strin (Co 500) Detection of response to enzme supplementtion is were otined from locl htcher where the hd ver sujective. If diet lred hs surfeit of nutrients, een vccinted in ovo for Mrek s disese nd hd it is difficult to ctull determine if n improvement hs received vccintions for Newcstle Disese nd een mde in nutrient utiliztion. It is commonl Infectious Bronchitis post htch vi corse spr. New recommended tht the diets e reduced in nutrient softwood shvings served s litter over concrete floors. content when dding n exogenous enzme; however in Sixt chicks were ssigned to ech of 48 pens in such sitution it is importnt to determine performnce roiler house of commercil design. Ech pen ws on the diet with reduced nutrients oth with nd without equipped with two tue feeders nd n utomtic wter the supplementl enzme. The present stud ws font. Supplementl feeders nd wterers were used conducted to evlute the effects of commercil during the first seven ds. Temperture nd irflow enzme mixture on performnce of roilers fed diets with were controlled utomtic heters nd ventiltion nd without high level of DDGS. fns. Incndescent lights supplemented nturl dlight to provide 23 hr of light dil. Cre nd mngement of MATERIALS AND METHODS the irds followed recommended guidelines (FASS, Rovio Mx is descried the supplier (Adisseo, 999). All procedures were pproved the Universit of Alphrett GA) s feed dditive contining nturll Arknss Institutionl Animl Use nd Cre Committee. comptile comintion of NSP enzme ctivities Bod weight nd feed consumption pen were produced the non-geneticll modified fungus determined t 2 nd 42 d of ge. At 2 nd 42 d, two Penicillum funiculosum comined with 6-phtse representtive irds per pen were killed CO2 produced from Schizoscchromces pome. The inhltion s recommended the AVMA (993) nd enzmes contined in the product re sid to include tiis removed for one sh determintion s descried lnses, $-glucnses, pectinses, mnnnses nd Yn et l. (2005). At 42 d, five representtive irds per phtse s well s n "-glctosidse. A smple ws pen were processed s descried Fritts nd otined from the mnufcturer nd kept in cool Wldroup (2006) to determine dressing percentge nd environment until use. prts ield. Smples of ll diets were ssed for crude Diets were formulted following NRC (994) protein, C, P nd N nd were found to e in good recommendtions for roilers 0-3 nd 3-6 weeks of ge greement with clculted vlues. with n djustment in the lsine content. For the strter Pen mens served s the experimentl unit for period, the lsine requirement ws djusted to.20% sttisticl nlsis. Dt were sujected to ANOVA using while for the grower phse it ws djusted to.0%. the Generl Liner Models procedure of the SAS Institute Diets were formulted with or without the ddition of (99). When significnt differences mong tretments 20% DDGS of known protein nd moisture content using were found, mens were seprted using repeted t- mtrix vlues reported Wldroup et l. (2007). Three tests using the LSMEANS option of the GLM procedure. different nutrient levels were used in the formultion. Min effects of nutrient level, DDGS inclusion nd These included: ) full requirements s suggested Rovio Mx inclusion were exmined long with ll NRC; 2) reduced energ (-40 kcl/l ME), ville P two-w nd three-w interctions. Mortlit dt were (-0.2%) nd clcium (-0.0%) indicted s EPC; 3) s trnsformed to n + prior to nlsis; dt re 2 plus 5% reduction in mino cid requirements presented s nturl numers. Sttements of sttisticl (EPC+AA). All diets were fortified with complete vitmin significnce re sed on p<0.05 unless otherwise nd trce minerl mixes otined from commercil noted. 787

3 Int. J. Poult. Sci., 0 (0): , 20 Tle : Composition (g/kg) nd clculted nutrient content of diets with norml nd reduced nutrient levels formulted with nd without Distillers Dried Grins with Solules (DDGS) for 0 to 3 wk of ge. Vlues in old re t minimum specified level Corn-So DDGS Ingredients FULL EPC c EPC+AA FULL EPC EPC+AA Yellow corn Soen mel Poultr oil DDGS Limestone Defluorinted phosphte Sodium chloride MHA L-Threonine L-Lsine HCl Vitmin premix Con Mintrex P_Se Pel-Stik Totl ME kcl/l Crude protein % Clcium % Nonphtte P % Sodium % Met % Ls % Trp % Thr % Ile % Vl % Leu % Arg % TSAA % C Full = Full requirements; EPC = Energ reduced 40 kcl/l, ville P reduced 0.2% nd C reduced 0.0%, EPC+AA = As EPC with 5% reduction in essentil mino cid requirements. Methionine hdro nlogue clcium slt. Novus Interntionl, St. Louis MO Provides per kg of diet: vitmin A 775 IU; choleclciferol 55 IU; vitmin E 6.53 IU; vitmin B mg; rioflvin 6.6 mg; nicin 39 mg; pntothenic cid 0 mg; mendione.5 mg; folic cid 0.9 mg; choline 000 mg; thimin.54 mg; pridoxine 2.76 mg; d-iotin mg; ethoquin 25 mg. 3 Elnco Animl Helth division of Eli Lill & Co., Indinpolis, IN Provides per kg of diet: Mn (s mngnese methionine hdro nlogue complex) 40 mg; Zn (s zinc methionine hdro nlogue complex) 40 mg; Cu (s copper methionine hdro nlogue complex) 20 mg; Se (s selenium est) 0.3 mg. Novus Interntionl, Inc., St. Louis MO Uniscope Inc., Johnstown CO Tle 2: Composition (g/kg) nd clculted nutrient content of diets with norml nd reduced nutrient levels formulted with nd without Distillers Dried Grins with Solules (DDGS) for 3 to 6 wk of ge. Vlues in old re t minimum specified level Corn-So DDGS Ingredients FULL EPC EPC+AA FULL EPC EPC+AA Yellow corn Soen mel Poultr oil DDGS Limestone Defluorinted phosphte Sodium chloride MHA L-Threonine L-Lsine HCl Vitmin premix Con Mintrex P_Se

4 Int. J. Poult. Sci., 0 (0): , 20 Tel 2 Cont.: Corn-So DDGS Ingredients FULL EPC EPC+AA FULL EPC EPC+AA Pel-Stik Totl ME kcl/l Crude protein % Clcium % Nonphtte P % Sodium % Met % Ls % Trp % Thr % Ile % Vl % Leu % Arg % TSAA % As given in Tle Tle 3: Effect of Rovio Mx on od weight of irds fed with nd without DDGS nd formulted to different levels of nutrient reduction. Mens of four replicte pens of 60 mles ech 2 d Bod weight (kg) 42 d Bod weight (kg) Nutrient level Rovio Corn So DDGS Men Corn So DDGS Men Full -RO RO Men EPC -RO RO Men EPC + AA -RO RO Men c All diets -RO RO Men 0.84 x x Pro > F Fctor 2 d 42 d Nutrient level (NUTR) Full vs EPC Full vs EPC+AA EPC vs EPC+AA Rovio (ROVA) DDGS NUTR * ROVA NUTR * DDGS ROVA * DDGS NUTR*ROVA*DDGS CV c Mens in columns with common superscripts do not differ significntl (p<0.05). Mens in rows with common superscripts do not differ significntl (p<0.05) RESULTS The effects of enzme supplementtion on diets with reduced nutrient levels with nd without DDGS on od weight of mle roiler chicks re shown in Tle 3. At oth 2 nd 42 d of ge, od weight ws significntl influenced the nutrient level of the diet. Compred to irds fed the full nutrient level, sed on NRC (994) recommendtions with djustment to the lsine content, irds fed the reduced levels of metolizle energ, clcium, ville P nd mino cids (EPC+AA) hd significnt reduction in 42 d od weight ut not t 2 d; however, irds fed diets with reduced levels of ME, C nd ville P onl (EPC) did not differ in 2 or 42 d BW from those fed the full nutrient level. Moreover, the irds fed the EPC diet were significntl hevier t 2 d thn those fed the EPC+AA diet, indicting tht the reduced levels of mino cids hd more severe effect on BW thn did the reductions in ME, C nd P. 789

5 Int. J. Poult. Sci., 0 (0): , 20 Inclusion of 20% DDGS in the diets did not hve n dverse effect on BW t 2 or 42 d; in fct irds fed diets with the DDGS ctull hd significntl greter BW t oth ges thn irds fed diets without DDGS. Diets were formulted sed on mtrix vlues representing composite of literture reports (Wldroup et l., 2007) nd while the crude protein content of the smple used in the stud ws similr to the vlue used in formultion the digestiilit of the mino cids nd phosphorus ws prol greter, s suggested the light color nd Fig. : Interction of nutrient level nd distillers dried fresh odor of the product. There ws significnt grins with solules (DDGS) on 42 d od weight interction of DDGS inclusion nd nutrient level for 42 d of mle roilers od weight; irds fed the diets formulted to contin reduced levels of ME, C, P nd mino cids (EPC+AA) (p = 0.6 nd p = 0.8 respectivel) nd lso t 42 d with 20% DDGS were significntl hevier thn those fed (p = 0.0 nd p = 0.2 respectivel). Bsed on the 40 diets without DDGS (Fig. ). Agin, this m hve een kcl/l reduction in ME etween the diets with full nd due to greter mino cid digestiilit in the DDGS reduced nutrient levels, n increse in feed conversion smple thn ssigned in the mtrix vlues. The ddition of pproximtel 2.7% ws nticipted ut in ctulit n of Rovio Mx enzme to the diets hd no significnt increse of pproximtel.3% ws oserved. There effects on od weight t 2 or 42 d nd there were no ws little difference in feed conversion etween irds fed significnt two-w or three-w interctions of the diets with reduced ME, C nd P nd those fed diets enzme with nutrient level or DDGS inclusion. with reduced levels of ME, C, P nd mino cids. The effects of enzme supplementtion on diets with Supplementing diets with Rovio Mx did not reduced nutrient levels with nd without DDGS on feed significntl improve feed conversion nd in fct hd conversion mle roiler chicks re shown in Tle 4. significntl higher feed conversion t 2 d thn did Birds fed the diets with reduced nutrient levels (EPC nd irds fed unsupplemented diets. There were no EPC+AA) hd numericll reduced feed conversion t 2 significnt two-w or three-w interctions mong the d compred to the irds fed diets with full nutrient levels vrious fctors for feed conversion. Tle 4: Effect of Rovio Mx on feed conversion rte of irds fed diets with nd without DDGS nd formulted to different levels of nutrient reduction. Mens of four replicte pens with 60 irds ech 0-2 d Feed conversion (feed/gin) 0-42 d Feed conversion (feed/gin) Nutrient level Rovio Corn So DDGS Men Corn So DDGS Men Full -RO RO Men EPC -RO RO Men EPC + AA -RO RO Men All diets -RO RO Men Pro > F Fctor Nutrient level (NUTR) Full vs EPC Full vs EPC+AA EPC vs EPC+AA Rovio (ROVA) DDGS NUTR * ROVA NUTR * DDGS ROVA * DDGS NUTR*ROVA*DDGS CV c Mens in columns with common superscripts do not differ significntl (p<0.05) 790

6 Int. J. Poult. Sci., 0 (0): , 20 Tle 5: Effect of Rovio Mx on mortlit of irds fed diets with nd without DDGS nd formulted to different levels of nutrient reduction. Mens of four replicte pens of 60 irds ech 0-2 d Mortlit (%) 0-42 d Mortlit (%) Nutrient level Rovio Corn So DDGS Men Corn So DDGS Men Full -RO RO Men EPC -RO RO Men EPC + AA -RO RO Men All diets -RO RO Men x Pro > F Fctor 0-2 d 0-42 d Nutrient level (NUTR) Full vs EPC Full vs EPC+AA EPC vs EPC+AA Rovio (ROVA) DDGS NUTR * ROVA NUTR * DDGS ROVA * DDGS NUTR*ROVA*DDGS CV (trnsformed mens) Mens in rows with common superscripts do not differ significntl (p<0.05) Tle 6: Effect of Rovio Mx on tii sh of mle roilers fed diets with norml or reduced nutrient levels with or without 20% Distillers Dried Grins with Solules (DDGS). Mens of four replicte pens with two irds ech 2 d Tii sh (%) 42 d Tii sh (%) Nutrient Level Rovio Corn So DDGS Men Corn So DDGS Mel Full -RO RO Men EPC -RO RO Men EPC + AA -RO RO Men All diets -RO RO x Men Pro > F Fctor 2 d 42 d Nutrient level (NUTR) Full vs EPC Full vs EPC+AA EPC vs EPC+AA Rovio (ROVA) DDGS NUTR * ROVA NUTR * DDGS ROVA * DDGS NUTR*ROVA*DDGS CV , Mens in columns with common superscripts do not differ significntl (p<0.05) 79

7 Int. J. Poult. Sci., 0 (0): , 20 Tle 7: Effect of Rovio Mx on dressing percentge nd prts ield of mle roilers fed diets with norml or reduced nutrient levels with or without 20% Distillers Dried Grins with Solules (DDGS). Mens of four replicte pens with five irds ech Dressing percent Brest met % of crcss Leg qurters % of crcss Wings % of crcss Nutrient level Rovio CS DDGS Men CS DDGS Men CS DDGS Men CS DDGS Men Full -RO RO Men x EPC -RO RO Men EPC + AA -RO RO Men All Diets -RO RO Men Pro > F Fctor Dressing % Brest Leg qurters Wings Nutrient level (NUTR) Full vs EPC Full vs EPC+AA EPC vs EPC+AA Rovio (ROVA) DDGS NUTR * ROVA NUTR * DDGS ROVA * DDGS NUTR*ROVA*DDGS CV , Mens with common superscript do not differ significntl (p<0.05). CS = Corn So The effects of enzme supplementtion on diets with reduced nutrient levels with nd without DDGS on mortlit mle roiler chicks re shown in Tle 5. Birds fed diets with 20% DDGS hd significntl lower mortlit t 42 d thn irds fed the diets without DDGS. No other fctor demonstrted n indiction of significnt difference. Considering the high vriilit in mortlit in studies with limited numers of irds, this finding should e interpreted with cution. The effects of enzme supplementtion on diets with reduced nutrient levels with nd without DDGS on tii sh of mle roiler chicks re shown in Tle 6. At 2 d, irds fed the diets with reduced levels of ME, C, P nd mino cids hd tii sh tht ws significntl less thn irds fed the diets with full nutrient levels nd irds fed diets with reduced levels of ME, C nd P. There ws no significnt difference in 2 d tii sh etween irds fed the full nutrient level nd those fed the diet with reduced levels of ME, C nd P. Inclusion of Rovio Mx to the diets significntl improved tii sh t 2 d, prol due to the phtse ctivit present in this product. At 42 d, there were no significnt differences in tii sh relted to n fctor. The effects of enzme supplementtion on diets with reduced nutrient levels with nd without DDGS on processing chrcteristics of mle roiler chicks is shown in Tle 7. There were no significnt dietr effects on dressing percentge. For rest ield there ws significnt three-w interction of nutrient level, DDGS inclusion nd supplementtion with Rovio Mx ; however there ws no consistent pttern of response in this interction. Birds fed Roio Mx hd significntl lower percentge of leg qurters nd significntl higher percentge of wings thn irds fed diets without this enzme. DISCUSSION Exogenous enzmes hve long een effectivel used in diets contining rle (Jensen et l., 957; Fr et l., 958; Willinghm et l., 959; Arscott nd Rose, 960). Some hve noted improvements in corn-soen mel diets with the ddition of certin enzmes (Prkn- Grfs, 975; Prkn-Grfs nd Toth, 978; Vogt nd Hrnish, 978; Reese et l., 983) while others hve seen little or no improvement (Wldroup et l., 2005, 2006). In review rticle deling with the use of Rovio Excel in corn-soen sed diets, the use of Rovio Excel resulted in n increse in od weight nd egg mss of.6,.6, 3.9 nd 3.7% respectivel for n unspecified numer of roilers, ling hens, turkes nd ducks, with reduction of 2.5, 2.0, 2.5 nd.6% in feed conversion (Dlird et l., 2004). West et l. (2007) dded Rovio Excel to corn-soen mel tpe diets differing in mino cid nd energ 792

8 Int. J. Poult. Sci., 0 (0): , 20 composition. Addition of the enzme did not ffect the protein ut the qulit of the product ppered to e roiler live performnce or crcss trits, ut did superior s judged the light color indicting miniml decrese 4-d mortlit in one stud nd 4-d mortlit overheting. Severl studies hve indicted tht roilers in second stud. Rovio Excel hd fvorle effects cn effectivel utilize diets with 20% DDGS provided when dded to rle-sed diets (Guerreiro et l., dequte nutrient vlues re ssigned to the product 2008) ut not when dded to diets high in sunflower nd diets re fed in pelleted form (Wldroup et l., mel (Mushtq et l., 2006). Addition of Rovio 98; Wng et l., 2007, 2007, 2007c; Wng et l., improved the performnce of roiler chickens fed low- 2008). The results of the present stud re in full densit corn-soen mel diets (Toledo et l., 2007). greement with these findings. Addition of Rovio Excel AP to diets resulted in n In conclusion, there ws little response to the increse in verge od weight 7% nd decrese ddition of Rovio Mx to diets with norml or reduced of 3% in feed conversion rtio compred to control diets nutrient levels. It would pper tht the level of nutrient (Stupeliene et l., 2004). Min et l. (2009) oserved no reduction in the present stud ws not sufficient to result improvement in energ digestiilit of either corn- in significnt reduction in performnce, other thn tii soen mel diets or diets high in DDGS from the sh t 2 d in which cse the ddition of the Rovio ddition of Rovio Excel. Mx resulted in incresed tii sh. In order to Demonstrting response to n exogenous enzme demonstrte positive effects from the enzme, it is tpicll demnds tht the diets e deficient in some prol necessr to hve diets with greter degree specific nutrient. In the present stud, two levels of of nutrient reduction thn imposed in the present nutrient reduction were imposed. In the first level of stud. reduction (EPC), ME ws reduced 40 kcl/l, totl C 0.0% nd ville P 0.2% compred to NRC (994) recommendtions with n djustment in Lsine content. In the second level (EPC+AA), the sme reductions were imposed long with 5% reduction in totl mino cid content. Birds fed the EPC diets did not differ significntl from those fed the positive control diet for od weight, feed conversion, mortlit, tii sh, dressing percentge, or rest met ield t n point in the stud, lthough numericl differences in feed REFERENCES Acmovic, T., 200. Commercil ppliction of enzme technolog for poultr production. World s Poult. Sci. J., 57: Americn Veterinr Medicl Assocition (AVMA), 993. Report of the AVMA pnel on euthnsi. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc., 202: Arscott, B.H. nd R.J. Rose, 960. Use of rle in highefficienc roiler rtions. 4. Influence of mloltic conversion were oserved. Additionl reduction in mino enzmes on efficienc of utiliztion, wter cid content of the diets (EPC+AA) resulted in significnt decrese in 42 d od weight nd reduction in 2 d tii sh compred to irds fed the positive control diet. Skinner et l. (99) hve reviewed the influence of dietr mino cids on one formtion. In consumption nd litter condition. Poult. Sci., 39: Bedford, M.R. nd A.J. Morgn, 996. The use of enzmes in poultr diets. World s Poult. Sci. J., 52: ddition, numericl differences in feed conversion were Chesson, A., 200. Non-strch polscchride oserved, ut not commensurte to the reduction in dietr energ content. Therefore, response to n exogenous enzme might e expected to e miniml. In the present stud, the onl positive responses to the ddition of Rovio Mx were significnt improvement in 2 d tii sh, prol due to the phtse ctivit of the enzme comintion nd significnt increse in wing ield. Inclusion of 20% DDGS in diets in the present stud hd no dverse effects on roiler performnce; in fct od weights t 2 nd 42 d were significntl higher in irds fed diets with DDGS. Diets in the present stud were degrding enzmes in poultr diets: Influence of ingredients on the selection of ctivities. World s Poult. Sci. J., 57: Dlird, P. di, P.A. Gerer, M. Blsini nd E. Vincenzi, Effects of multiple enzme preprtion in mize soen diet for poultr. Rivist di Avicoltur, 73: FASS, 999. Guide for the Cre nd Use of Agriculturl Animls in Agriculturl Reserch nd Teching. st Rev. Edn., Federtion of Animl Science Societies, Svo IL. Fritts, C.A. nd P.W. Wldroup, Modified formulted using nutrient mtrix for DDGS derived from phosphorus progrm for roilers sed on compiltion of literture vlues (Wldroup et l., 2007). The response to the DDGS ws significntl higher in commercil feeding intervls to sustin live performnce nd reduce totl nd wter-solule diets with reduced mino cid levels; the DDGS smple in the present stud contined similr levels of crude phosphorus in litter. J. Appl. Poult. Res., 5:

9 Int. J. Poult. Sci., 0 (0): , 20 Fr, R.E., J.B. Allred, L.S. Jensen nd J. McGinnis, 958. SAS Institute, 99. SAS User s Guide: Sttistics. Influence of enzme supplementtion nd wter Version 6.03 edition. SAS Institute Inc., Cr, NC. tretment on the nutritionl vlue of different grins Sild, I.R. nd S.J. Slinger, 962. The metolizle for poults. Poult. Sci., 37: energ of mterils fed to growing chicks. Poult. Guerreiro, C.I.P.D., L.M.A. Ferreir, J.P.B. Freire, C.M.G.A. Sci., 4: Fonts, J.A.M. Prtes, P.I.P. Ponte, T. Rieiro, L. Skinner, J.T., J.N. Besle nd P.W. Wldroup, 99. Flco nd M.M.S. Lordelo, Role of fmil Effects of dietr mino cid levels on one crohdrte-inding module in the function of development in roiler chickens. Poult. Sci., 70: recominnt cellulose used to supplement rle-sed diet for roiler chickens. Br. Poult. Sci., Stupeliene, A.R., V. Sste, R. Gruzusks nd 49: S. Dnius, Comprtive evlution of Hill, F.W., D.L. Anderson, R. Renner nd L.B. Crew Jr., nutritionl vlue of compound feeds for using 960. Studies on the metolizle energ of grins therml treted pes nd supplement of enzme nd grin products for chickens. Poult. Sci., 39: 573- preprtion Rovio Excel AP. Vet. Ir. Zootech., 26: Hill, F.W. nd R. Renner, 960. The metolizle Toledo, G.S.P. de, P.T.C. Cost, J.H. Silv, M. Ceccntini energ of soen oil mels, soen millfeeds nd C. Polleto Jr., Broilers fed diets vring in nd soen hulls for the growing chick. Poult. Sci., energ nd protein supplemented with pool of 39: enzmes. Cienci Rurl 37: Honig, D.H. nd J.J. Rkis, 979. Determintion of the Vogt, H. nd S. Hrnish, 978. Proteses in poultr totl pepsin-pncretin indigestile content (dietr feeds. Arch. Geflugelkd., 42: fier) of soen products, whet rn nd corn Wldroup, P.W., C.A. Fritts, C.A. Keen nd F. Yn, rn. J. Agric. Food Chem., 27: The effect of lph-glctosidse enzme with nd Jensen, L.S., R.E. Fr, J.B. Allred nd J. McGinnis, 957. without Avizme 502 on performnce of roilers fed Improvement in the nutritionl vlue of rle for diets sed on corn nd soen mel. Int. J. Poult. chicks enzme supplementtion. Poult. Sci., 36: Sci., 4: Wldroup, P.W., C.A. Keen, F. Yn nd K. Zhng, Min, Y.N., F. Yn, F.Z. Liu, C. Coto nd P.W. Wldroup, The effect of levels of "-glctosidse enzme Effect of vrious dietr enzmes on energ on performnce of roilers fed diets sed on digestiilit of diets high in distillers dried grins corn nd soen mel. J. Appl. Poult. Res., 5: 48- with solules for roilers. J. Appl. Poult. Res., 8: Wldroup, P.W., J.A. Owen, B.E. Rmse nd D.L. Mushtq, T., M. Srwr, G. Ahmd, M.U. Nus nd A. Whelchel, 98. The use of high levels of distillers Jmil, The influence of exogenous dried grins with solules in roiler diets. Poult. multienzme preprtion nd grded levels of Sci., 60: digestile lsine in sunflower mel-sed diets on Wldroup, P.W., Z. Wng, C. Coto, S. Cerrte nd F. Yn, the performnce of oung roiler chicks two weeks Development of stndrdized nutrient mtrix posthtching. Poult. Sci., 85: for corn distillers dried grins with solules. Int. J. NRC, 994. Nutrient requirements of poultr. 9th Rev. Poult. Sci., 6: Edn., Ntionl Acdem Press, Wshington DC. Wng, Z., S. Cerrte, C. Coto, F. Yn nd P.W. Wldroup, Prkn-Grfs, A., 975. Utiliztion of lph-mlse Utiliztion of distillers dried grins with supplemented diets in turke feeding tests. Act solules (DDGS) in roiler diets using Alimen., 4: stndrdized nutrient mtrix. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 6: Prkn-Grfs, A. nd M. Toth, 978. Feed utiliztion efficienc of enzme-contining feeds in livestock Wng, Z., S. Cerrte, C. Coto, F. Yn nd P.W. Wldroup, rising. Prt I. Alph-mlse-contining feeds in Use of constnt or incresing levels of the rising of roiler chickens. Act Alimen., 7: - distillers dried grins with solules (DDGS) in 20. roiler diets. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 6: Potter, L.M. nd E.D. Mtterson, 960. Metolizle Wng, Z., S. Cerrte, C. Coto, F. Yn nd P.W. energ of feed ingredients for chickens. Rep. 9. Wldroup, 2007c. Effect of rpid nd multiple Conn. Agr. Exp. St. Progrm, New Hven CT. chnges in level of distillers dried grins with Reese, G.L., R.S. Krg, B.I. Fncher nd P.W. Wldroup, solules (DDGS) in roiler diets on performnce 983. The use of supplementl enzmes in the diet nd crcss chrcteristics. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 6: of roiler chickens. Nutr. Rep. Int., 28:

10 Int. J. Poult. Sci., 0 (0): , 20 Wng, Z., S. Cerrte, C. Coto, F. Yn nd P.W. Wldroup, Willinghm, H.E., L.S. Jensen nd J. McGinnis, Evlution of high levels of distillers dried Studies on the role of enzme supplements nd grins with solules (DDGS) in roiler diets. Int. J. wter tretment for improving the nutritionl vlue of Poult. Sci., 7: rle. Poult. Sci., 38: West, M.L., A. Corzo, W.A. Dozier III, M.E. Blir nd M.T. Yn, F., C.A. Keen, K.Y. Zhng nd P.W. Wldroup, Kidd, Assessment of dietr Rovio Excel in Comprison of methods to evlute one prcticl United Sttes roiler diets. J. Appl. Poult. minerliztion. J. Appl. Poult. Res., 4: Res., 6: Pulished with pprovl of the Director, Arknss Agriculturl Experiment Sttion, Fetteville AR Mention of trde nme, proprietr product, or specific equipment does not constitute gurntee or wrrnt the Universit of Arknss nd does not impl its pprovl to the exclusion of other products tht m e suitle. 2 Visiting scientist, Animl Science Deprtment, Universit of Kurdistn, Snndj, Kurdistn, Irn. 3 Corresponding uthor. Wldroup@urk.edu. 795