Effect of Use Different Levels of Caraway (Carum carvi L) Powder on Performance, Some Blood Parameters and Intestinal Morphology on Broiler Chicks

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1 World Applied Sienes Journl 24 (8): , 2013 ISSN IDOSI Pulitions, 2013 DOI: /idosi.wsj Effet of Use Different Levels of Crwy (Crum rvi L) Powder on Performne, Some Blood Prmeters nd Intestinl Morphology on Broiler Chiks Y. Khjeli, F. Kheiri, Y. Rhimin, M. Fghni nd A.N mjo 1 Deprtemnt of Animl Siene, Islmi Azd University, Shhrekord rnh, Shhrekord, Irn 2 Deprtemnt of Animl Siene, Islmi Azd University, Khorsgn rnh, Isfhn, Irn 3 Deprtemnt of Veterinry, Islmi Azd University, Shhrekord rnh, Shhrekord, Irn Sumitted: Jul 29, 2013; Aepted: Aug 31, 2013; Pulished: Sep 4, 2013 Astrt: For determine effet of use different levels of rwy powder on performne of roiler hikens totl 240 one dy roilers hiks (Ross 308) were divided into 4 groups of 15 irds eh nd ssigned to 4 tretment diets. Chiks were fed y sl diet with ontrol diet nd 1(T 1), 1.5(T 2) nd 2(T 3) perentge dded rwy. At the end of experiment 2 irds form eh group were slughtered nd some prmeters suh s feed intke (FI), ody weight gin (BW) nd feed onversion rtio (FCR) were determined. Dt showed tht use rwy used derese FCR with inresing BW.Although the use of Crwy ws redued dominl ft ut sttistilly signifint effets in terms were not oserved. Drumstik perentge ws inrese were roilers fed with T 1,, T 3 Brest met perentge ws higher thn others for ut there were no signifint effets out rest met perentge etween tretments. Some lood ftor suh s triglyeride, lium nd phosphorus hnged with use experimentl diets Amount of triglyeride ws lower when hiks used diets. in this se inresing of use Crwy in the roilers diet use to signifint derese lood triglyeride ontent of roilers hiks lood lium inresed when hiks used T 1,T 2, respetively nd mount of Phosphorus ws lowest when hiks used diet Bed moisture perentge ws inresing none signifintly when inresing ddition of Crwy on roilers diets. Antiody titers ginst New Cstle Vine were mesured nd showed tht ntiody titers were signifintly higher when roilers fed with higher ontent of Crwy Smll intestine muos nd su muos dimeters were signifintly inresed y T 1,, diets Muslris nd seros prts dimeter were higher in thn others nd use of Crwy in roilers diets use inrese totl dimeter of smll intestine prts It seems use of Crwy in roilers diets n e enefits for inrese performne of them. Arevitions: FI: Feed intke, BW: Body weight, FCR: Feed onversion rtio, T 1, sl diet with 1% dded rwy, T 2, sl diet with 1.5% dded rwy, T 3, sl diet with 2% dded rwy Key words: Crwy Performne Broilers Blood prmeters Intestinl morphology INTRODUCTION Tody one of the methods for inrese in produtive of roilers is ppend medil plnts to poultry diets s nutritionl nd medil soures [1].Crum rvi L,(Bunium persium) ommonly known s Crwy (Umellifere) is glolly distriuted spie with history s mediinl plnt sine nient times [2]. Crum rvi L is iennil her, widely ultivted in west Asi, Europe nd North Ameri. Crwy is grown for its ontent of essentil oils tht re present in the whole plnt, ut their onentrtion is highest in henes [3]. There pproximtely 30 ompounds ontined in this plnt while rvone nd limonene ount for out 95% of them. Seeds ontin tre mounts of other ompounds suh s (etldehyde, furfurl, rveole, pinene, thujone, mphene, phellndrene, et). The min onstituents of Crum Crvi re the voltile oils inluding rvone (40-60)%, limonene, rveol, dihydrorveol nd thymol in ddition to glyosides nd flvnoids Experimentl studies hve shown its nti dyspepti ntispsmodi nti ulerogeni, nti teril,nti tumor,nti prolifertive, ntioxidnt nt hyperglyemi, nti hyperlipidemi nd diureti tivities[4].the dried ripe fruits of the plnt re Corresponding Author: Yousef Khjeli, Fulty of Animl Siene, Islmi Azd University, Shhrekord Brnh, Shhrekord, Irn Postl Box: 166 Tel:

2 World Appl. Si. J., 24 (8): , 2013 used in folk mediine espeilly in the tretment of MATERIALS AND METHODS digestive disorders[4].studies on Crum rvi L ginst the pthogenesis of gstri lesions eme importnt with For determine the effet of use Crwy on the disovery of its ntioxidnt tivity. Some reports performne of roiler hikens totl 240 one dy found out inhiit superoxide rdils, lipid peroxides roilers hiks (Ross 308) were divided into 4 groups nd hydroxyl rdils. In ddition terpenes inluding of 15 irds eh nd ssigned to 4 tretment diets. rvones nd limonene re known to indue the The experiment ws rried out in 42 dys. Eh detoxifying enzyme glutthione S-trnsferse in some tretments group ws fed on strter diets. Crwy mie trget tissues [4-5]. Flvonides, inluding queretin seeds purhsed from lol mrket nd grounded nd kemperferol hs een known to possess ntioxidnt seprtely to fine powder nd then mixed with the nd ntiuler tivities [5-6].mny reports indited sl diet (Tle 2). Feed nd fresh wter were provide d ntimiroil effet of umin essentil oils. It seems liitum during this experiment. Crwy smple ws inlusion the roilers diets with Crwy indue nd nlyzed in the l for determine mount of Moisture, inrese in the reltive weight of the rop [5-6]. Mny Crude protein, Clium, Phosphorus nd its Crude fier reserhers proved n inrese in BW nd derese in with AOAC method (Tle 1) [7]. FCR, when using umin in diets s mentioned ove it hs Tretments were (ontin ontrol group, eome ler tht there is quite ite of enefits of sl diet with no dded rwy), T 1 (sl diet with 1% rwy s medil nd nutritionl resoure to e used dded rwy), T 2 (sl diet with 1.5% dded rwy), for poultry. This study ws for understnding tht this T 3 (sl diet with 2% dded rwy) tht they were medil plnt n improve the performne of roiler lned ording to their requirement s shown in NRC hiks. for poultry [8]. In the tril durtion verge ody weight, ody weight gin, feed onverstion rtions for eh tretments were reorded. At the end of experimentl Tle 1: Chemil omposition of Crwy tht used in this experiment Compounds DM (%) CP (%) EE (%) CF (%) C (%) P (%) Ft (%) Ash (%) Crum rvi L (Crwy) Tle 2: Composition of the sl diets in different periods of this experiment Ingredients % 0-14 (dys old) (dys old) (dys old) Corn grin Soyen mel Whet grin Oil Dil.phosphte Oyster shells Methionine D-L L-lysine Nl Vit+Min Premix* Sodium ironte Coidiostte Clulted nutrient ontent ME(Kl/Kgr) CP (%) C (%) Aville Phosphorus (%) Lysine (%) N (%) Methionine+Cystine (%) Supplied Per Kilogrm Of Feed: IU of vitmin A, 2000IU vitmin D3, 30 Mg vitmin E,1.5 µg vitmin B12,2Mg B6,5 Mg Vitmin K,5 Mg vitmin B2,1 Mg vitmin B1,40 Mg niotini ide,160µg vitmin Biothine,12 Mg Clium pntothente,1mgfoli ide 20 Mg Fe,71 Mg Mn,100µg Se,37Mg Zn,6 Mg Cu,1.14 Mg I,400 µg Cu. 1045

3 World Appl. Si. J., 24 (8): , 2013 pln 2 irds form eh groups (totlly 32 irds) were slughtered nd to ompre ody prts were seprted nd weighed. Blood smples from eh ird were olleted for determine their triglyeride with Ellefson nd Grwy 1967 nlysis methods [9]. Some lood smples were olleted nd ntiody titers ginst New Cstle Vine Were mesured y Hemgglutintion inhiition test (HI).finlly smples from smll intestine tissue for determintion intestinl morphology were olleted. Then dt were olleted nd nlyzed y using the Generl, Liner model proedure of SAS (2001) nd different mens Dunns multiple rnges test ws used to detet the differenes t level [10-11]. The sttilly model of this experiment ws: Y ij= µ+t i+eij (Yij= verge effet, µ= totl verge, T i= Effet of tretments, eij= Effet of errors). RESULT AND DISCUSSION Dt for feed intke, roiler weight nd FCR re in (Tle 3). This dt showed no signifint differene out Feed intke in tril groups. Chiks were fed with T 2 diet ws higher BW mong others groups. This improvement my e ttriuting to the iologil funtion of Crwy tht is essentil for growth [1-4-12]. for desries depression on ody weight in T4 group some Sientifis evidene demonstrted tht mny of herl plnts do hve mediinl properties tht llevite symptom nd my prevent diseses nd lso high use of them my use poising due to its strong itter test nd redue feed intke in T 1,, groups. Improvement on BW in T 1, led to lower FCR in these groups nd in ws lower thn others groups In spite of the low onsumption ompred with others. The ft tht is helping some herl plnt use provides some ompounds tht enhne digestion nd sorption of some nutrients in these diets. Other reserhers proved tht there is n inrese in BW, FCR with deresing hemtologil vlues of some importnt lood prmeters using 2% of umin in roiler diets [1-2]. Tle 3: The effet of dded (Crwy) to the diets on roilers performne Tretments FI(Kg) BW(Kg) FCR * MSE *Mens within row with no ommon on letter re signifintly different Dt from this study showed intestine perentge ws signifintly derese were roilers fed with T 1,, nd the lowest derese ws for T 1 There were no signifint differenes in perentge for liver. In some experiments, the dministrtion of umin nd orinder it showed signifint derese in iliruin level [12]. Although the use of Crwy ws redued dominl ft ut sttistilly signifint effets in terms were not oserved. Drumstik perentge ws inrese were roilers fed with T 1,, T 3 Brest met perentge ws higher thn others for ut there were no signifint effets out rest met perentge etween tretments. Dt from tle 4 showed perentge of gizzrd ws higher in the ontrol groups nd it ws t the lowest in groups Weight perent Bursl.F ws higher in ontrol group nd the spleen ws too. Crwy hs mny unsturted ftty ids suh s myristi id, plmiti id, plmitolei id, steri id, olei id, linolei id (omeg-6), linoleni id (omeg-3) nd rhidoni id tht to e effetive on sturted ft metolism in the ody[13,14]. Dt from this study tht showed the triglyeride, lium nd phosphorus hnged with use experimentl diets (Tle 5). Amount of triglyeride ws lower when hiks used diets.in this se inresing of use Crwy in the roilers diet use to signifint derese lood triglyeride ontent of roilers hiks lood lium inresed when hiks used T 1,, T 3 respetively nd mount of Phosphorus ws lowest when hiks used T 2 diet Tle 4: The effet of dded (Crwy) to the diets on perentge some prt of hiks ody Tretments Intestine (%) Liver (%) Adominl Ft (%) Drumstik (%) Brest Met (%) Gizzrd (%) Bursl.F (%) Spleen (%) * MSE *Mens within row with no ommon on letter re signifintly different 1046

4 World Appl. Si. J., 24 (8): , 2013 Tle 5: The effet of dded (Crwy) to the diets on some lood prmeters Tretments Triglyeride(Mg/dl) C(Mg/dl) P(Mg/dl) * d MSE *Mens within row with no ommon on letter re signifintly different Tle 6: The effet of dded (Crwy) to the diets on Bed Moisture nd HI test Tretments Bed Moisture (%) HI ( log 2 ) * d T T T MSE *Mens within row with no ommon on letter re signifintly different Tle 7: The effet of dded (Crwy) to the diets on Smll Intestinl Morphology Muos, Totl Tretments Su Muos Muslris Seros (miron) d MSE *Mens within row with no ommon on letter re signifintly different The derese in the level of holesterol nd triglyeride on T 1,, in omprison with ontrol group is expeted to e due to the tive ompound tht found in Cumin nd Crwy with ts s inhiitors to the tive enzyme hepti 3-hydroxyl-3methyglutryl oenzyme A tht synthesized the holesterol [5]. In ddition this redution in lood holesterol ould e ontriuted in some ses to the redution in some hormones sereted y the ortex of drenl glnds, whih in turn uses the redution in the seretion of ftty ids from dipose tissues or the redution of ft oxidtion tht led to the redution of level of ftty ids inluding holesterol nd triglyeride [12]. Dt from (Tle 6) showed ed moisture ws inresing none signifintly when inresing ddition of Crwy on roilers diets. This is my e due to the mount of protein in Crwy tht it needs more wter is exreted from the ody [12-13]. Antiody titers ginst New Cstle Vine were mesured nd dt from this test showed tht ntiody titers were signifintly higher when roilers fed with higher ontent of Crwy Furthermore some studies tht showed Crwy hs diureti tivity nd use of it n led to withdrwl of more wter from the ody. Cumin is one populr spie tht regulrly used s flvoring gent nd n lterntive ntimiroil gent tht is sfe for humn pplitions [ ].studies on Crwy ginst the pthogenesis of gstri lesions eme importnt with the disovery of its ntioxidnt tivity, In one of the erlier reports, it is found to inhiit superoxide rdils, lipid peroxides nd hydroxyl rdils [4].Crvone, the min onstituent of Crum rvi L hs mny pplitions s frgrne nd flvor,ntimiroil gent, long with its relevny in the medil field [17-18].The pproprite mount of umin ldehyde n explin the ntiteril effets for Crum rvi L. Crwy is rihness in polyunsturted ftty ids, whih help to produe prostglndin E1. Prostglndin E1 hs so mny funtions suh s in reltion to the immune system. In ddition ( pinene) nd (sinene) in Crwy hs ntiteril effets [19-20]. As result ws relevnt (Tle 7) smll intestine muos nd su muos dimeters were signifintly inresed when we pplied T 1,, diets for them Muslris nd seros prts dimeter were higher in thn others. Dt from this study showed use of Crwy in roilers diets use inrese totl dimeter of smll intestine prts CONCLUSION We ould e explined y the fts tht Crwy n enefit ts on performne nd qulity of met for roilers hiks. This improvement my e due to the iologil funtions of Crwy to improve growth or tht my e due to its role s stimulnt, rmintive, enhned digestiility, nti-miroil properties nd the prevention of gstri toxiity. Further tests re needed to explore nd more detil explntion. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We re thnkful to Veterinry Clini Stff of Islmi Azd University Shhrekord Brnh, in prtiulr Dr, Jfrin, Mr. Roshngr, Mr. Krmi nd Mr. Mokhtrin for the oopertion nd ssistne us to in order to run this test. 1047

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